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Skeleton Legs

R Femur

The femur is the only bone located within the human thigh. It is both the longest and the strongest bone in the human body, extending from the hip to the knee. The human femur can resist forces of 1,800 to 2,500 pounds, so it is not easily fractured. A break in this bone can only result from a large amount of force, such as a car accident or a fall from an extreme height. Such an injury can take three to six months to heal. As the femur is the only bone in the thigh, it serves as an attachment point for all the muscles that exert their force over the hip and knee joints.       Source

 

R Patella

The patella, also known as the kneecap, is a thick, circular-triangular bone which articulates with the femur (thigh bone) and covers and protects the anterior articular surface of the knee joint. The primary functional role of the patella is knee extension. The patella increases the leverage that the tendon can exert on the femur by increasing the angle at which it acts. It is attached to the tendon of the quadriceps femoris muscle, which contracts to extend/straighten the knee. The patella is stabilized by the insertion of the horizontal fibres of vastus medialis and by the prominence of the lateral femoral condyle, which discourages lateral dislocation during flexion. The retinacular fibres of the patella also stabilize it during exercise.

 

R Tibia

The tibia, sometimes known as the shin bone, is the larger and stronger of the two lower leg bones. It forms the knee joint with the femur and the ankle joint with the fibula and tarsus. Many powerful muscles that move the foot and lower leg are anchored to the tibia. The support and movement of the tibia is essential to many activities performed by the legs, including standing, walking, running, jumping and supporting the body’s weight. The tibia is located in the lower leg medial to the fibula, distal to the femur and proximal to the talus of the foot. The tibia is classified as a long bone due to its long, narrow shape. Long bones are hollow in the middle, with regions of spongy bone filling each end and solid compact bone covering their entire structure. Spongy bone is made of tiny columns known as trabeculae that reinforce the ends of the bone against external stresses. Red bone marrow, which produces blood cells, is found in the holes in the spongy bone between the trabeculae. The hollow middle of the bone, known as the medullary cavity, is filled with fat-rich yellow bone marrow that stores energy for the body.         Source

 

R Fibula

The fibula is the long, thin and lateral bone of the lower leg. It runs parallel to the tibia, or shin bone, and plays a significant role in stabilizing the ankle and supporting the muscles of the lower leg. Compared to the tibia, the fibula is about the same length, but is considerably thinner. The difference in thickness corresponds to the varying roles of the two bones, the tibia bears the body’s weight from the knees to the ankles, while the fibula merely functions as a support for the tibia. It can be harvested for tissue to graft onto other bones in the body. The fibula bears so little body weight that it typically has more bone mass than is needed to support the leg, making it a good tissue donor.           Source

 

L Femur

The femur is the only bone located within the human thigh. It is both the longest and the strongest bone in the human body, extending from the hip to the knee. The human femur can resist forces of 1,800 to 2,500 pounds, so it is not easily fractured. A break in this bone can only result from a large amount of force, such as a car accident or a fall from an extreme height. Such an injury can take three to six months to heal. As the femur is the only bone in the thigh, it serves as an attachment point for all the muscles that exert their force over the hip and knee joints.        Source

 

L Patella

The patella, also known as the kneecap, is a thick, circular-triangular bone which articulates with the femur (thigh bone) and covers and protects the anterior articular surface of the knee joint. The primary functional role of the patella is knee extension. The patella increases the leverage that the tendon can exert on the femur by increasing the angle at which it acts. It is attached to the tendon of the quadriceps femoris muscle, which contracts to extend/straighten the knee. The patella is stabilized by the insertion of the horizontal fibres of vastus medialis and by the prominence of the lateral femoral condyle, which discourages lateral dislocation during flexion. The retinacular fibres of the patella also stabilize it during exercise.

 

L Tibia

The tibia, sometimes known as the shin bone, is the larger and stronger of the two lower leg bones. It forms the knee joint with the femur and the ankle joint with the fibula and tarsus. Many powerful muscles that move the foot and lower leg are anchored to the tibia. The support and movement of the tibia is essential to many activities performed by the legs, including standing, walking, running, jumping and supporting the body’s weight. The tibia is located in the lower leg medial to the fibula, distal to the femur and proximal to the talus of the foot. The tibia is classified as a long bone due to its long, narrow shape. Long bones are hollow in the middle, with regions of spongy bone filling each end and solid compact bone covering their entire structure. Spongy bone is made of tiny columns known as trabeculae that reinforce the ends of the bone against external stresses. Red bone marrow, which produces blood cells, is found in the holes in the spongy bone between the trabeculae. The hollow middle of the bone, known as the medullary cavity, is filled with fat-rich yellow bone marrow that stores energy for the body.           Source

 

L Fibula

The fibula is the long, thin and lateral bone of the lower leg. It runs parallel to the tibia, or shin bone, and plays a significant role in stabilizing the ankle and supporting the muscles of the lower leg. Compared to the tibia, the fibula is about the same length, but is considerably thinner. The difference in thickness corresponds to the varying roles of the two bones, the tibia bears the body’s weight from the knees to the ankles, while the fibula merely functions as a support for the tibia. It can be harvested for tissue to graft onto other bones in the body. The fibula bears so little body weight that it typically has more bone mass than is needed to support the leg, making it a good tissue donor.          Source