Veins Arm (Right)
R Thoracoacromial Vein
This is a short trunk that arises from the second part of the axillary artery, its origin being generally overlapped by the upper edge of the pectoralis minor.
R Axillary Vein
The axillary vein runs along the medial side of the axillary artery. It begins at the lateral border of the first rib, later draining into the subclavian vein. The vein receives the axillary artery’s tributaries. The cephalic vein connects with the axillary vein forming the subclavian vein. The vein transports blood from the thorax, armpit, and upper limb. Both sides of the body each have an axillary vein. Their tributaries are the basilic and cephalic veins. One condition involving the axillary vein is known as axillary vein thrombosis. This causes swelling and pain in the upper limb. It is due to occlusion, or blockage, of both the subclavian and axillary veins. Very few cases of deep vein thrombosis are associated with axillary vein thrombosis. A quarter of patients who undergo central venous cannulation have reported occurrences of axillary vein thrombosis. Central venous cannulation refers to the process of inserting a cannula, or catheter, into a large vein for the purposes of taking blood samples, administering medication, or measuring pressure within the vein. Source
L Lateral Brachial Vein
The brachial veins are located in the arm proper, the area between the shoulder and the elbow, and run alongside the brachial artery. The brachial veins work in reverse from the brachial artery. The ulnar and radial veins form a junction at the location where the brachial veins begin. The teres major muscle has an inferior border where the brachial veins end. At this point, they join to form the axillary vein. Notably, before they join, the basilic vein merges with the medial branch, which is the vein closest to the center of the body. The brachial veins connect to many small branches that drain the muscles of the upper arms. These include muscles such as the triceps and biceps. The brachial veins are part of the cardiovascular system of the human body. The brachial veins return oxygen-depleted blood to the heart and lungs to collect new blood for circulation. Source
R Radial Vein
In anatomy, the radial veins are venae comitantes that accompany the radial artery through the back of the hand and the lateral aspect of the forearm. They join the ulnar veins to form the brachial veins. They follow the same course as the radial artery.
R Intermediate Cephalic Vein
The cephalic vein runs up the lateral side of the arm from the hand to the shoulder. In the shoulder, it pierces the tissues and empties into the axillary vein. After the cephalic vein joins the axillary vein, it becomes the subclavian vein and empties into the superior vena cava. In the bend of the elbow, a medial cubital vein rises from the cephalic vein and crosses over to the basilic vein. This is the vein that is commonly used for blood samples or to add fluids into the body. Source
R Dorsal Venous Arch Hand
A part of the human cardiovascular system, the dorsal venous arch of the hand is included in the superficial venous system. It is a set of connections of veins formed by the union of the dorsal metacarpal veins lying in subcutaneous tissues above the metacarpal bones. It drains into the cephalic and basilic veins but most of the blood from the entire hand drains into the arch of the hand. Its main function is the vascular supply of the hand. It not only receives blood from the palm around the borders of the hand, but also from veins that go through the interosseous spaces. In practical terms, this means that even when there is pressure on the palm from a gripping action, venous return does not slow. In addition, the cephalic and basilic veins come up from the dorsal venous arch. These are responsible for joining the deep veins and the lymphatics. These deep veins in the hand and forearm escort the arteries as venae comitantes. This means that these veins and arteries run alongside each other while performing their complementary roles. The arteries deliver oxygen-rich blood from the heart, while the veins carry oxygen-depleted blood back to the heart. Source
R Proper Palmar Digital Veins
The palmar digital veins carry deoxygenated blood away from the fingers to return it to the lungs and heart for circulation through the body. They are also known as volar digital veins. They drain into the dorsal venous network on the back of the hand. This network is composed of dorsal metacarpal veins. The intercapitular veins connect the palmar digital veins with the dorsal venous network. They drain into a venous plexus located over the thenar and hypothenar eminences. Blood clots rarely occur in the palmar digital veins. There are three types of thromboses of these veins. The first is similar to varicose veins. The second develops in a normal vein and is not inflamed. The third develops in a vein located near the surface of the skin and involves inflammation. Thromboses may present as an unsightly lump on the finger that has a bluish tint. A primary cause of thromboses in the palmar digital veins is injury to the fingers. Typically, the clot is removed by surgery. Source
R Dorsal Digital Veins Hand
The dorsal digital veins of hand run along the fingers’ sides. The veins connect with each other through branches that communicate diagonally. The dorsal metacarpal veins are formed when the veins from neighboring sides of the digits merge. These veins stop in a dorsal venous network across from the center of the metacarpus. The dorsal digital vein from the index finger’s radial side and the thumb’s dorsal digital veins join the radial part of the network. From here it’s prolonged upward as the cephalic vein. The dorsal digital vein of the little finger’s ulnar side is sent to the ulnar part of the network. It continues to rise as the basilic vein. Around the center of the forearm, the dorsal venous network often meets up with the cephalic vein by way of a communicating branch. Source
R Basilic Vein
The basilic vein passes along the back of the forearm on the ulnar side for a distance and then curves to the surface below the elbow. It continues to move up the medial side until it reaches the middle of the upper arm. There, it enters deep into the tissues and joins the brachial vein. As the basilic and brachial veins merge, they form the axillary vein. Source
R Ulnar Vein
In anatomy, the ulnar veins are venae comitantes for the ulnar artery. They mostly drain the medial aspect of the forearm. They arise in the hand and terminate when they join the radial veins to form the brachial veins. They follow the same course as the ulnar artery.
R Cephalic Vein
The cephalic vein runs up the lateral side of the arm from the hand to the shoulder. In the shoulder, it pierces the tissues and empties into the axillary vein. After the cephalic vein joins the axillary vein, it becomes the subclavian vein and empties into the superior vena cava. In the bend of the elbow, a medial cubital vein rises from the cephalic vein and crosses over to the basilic vein. This is the vein that is commonly used for blood samples or to add fluids into the body. Source
R Accessory Cephalic Vein
The accessory cephalic vein is a variable vein that passes along the radial border of the forearm to join the cephalic vein near the elbow. In some cases the accessory cephalic springs from the cephalic above the wrist and joins it again higher up. A large oblique branch frequently connects the basilic and cephalic veins on the back of the forearm.
R intermediate Median Basilic Vein
The median cubital vein (or median basilic vein) is a superficial vein of the upper limb. It connects the basilic and cephalic vein and is often used for venipuncture (taking blood), as it lies relatively close to the surface of the arm and becomes prominent when pressure is applied. It lies in the cubital fossa superficial to the bicipital aponeurosis. There exists a fair amount of variation of the median cubital vein. More commonly the vein forms an H-pattern with the cephalic and basilic veins making up the sides. Other forms include an M-pattern, where the vein branches to the cephalic and basilic veins.
R Median Antebrachial Vein
One of the larger veins of the upper limb is the median antebrachial vein. It runs along the forearm, which extends between the elbow and the wrist. Many veins correlate with synonymous arteries (with parallel branching and distribution patterns). However, this independent vein is one of the exceptions to the rule. The median antebrachial vein drains the palm and anterior forearm into the basilica vein or median cubital vein. It stems off into smaller superficial branches in the palm and anterior forearm. These are known as tributaries. Given its size, the median antebrachial vein is an easy place to insert an intravenous fluid drip (IV). However, IV insertion in this region restricts a patient’s mobility. IVs are used to help administer solutions into the body through the veins. Lying near the skin’s surface, veins have thin walls, lower blood pressure than the arteries, and the ability to expand. This makes veins well-suited for IV needle insertion and carrying the injected fluid. IV administration enlists larger veins for long-term therapy or for treatments that use high volumes of fluid, such as total parenteral nutrition (TPN) when nutrition is received on an exclusively intravenous basis. TPN is used when a patient cannot digest their food in the normal way. This may occur if a person has a gastrointestinal disorder. TPN may also be used for people who have lost the ability to swallow. Source
R Dorsal Metacarpal Veins
Dorsal metacarpal veins are the three veins that are located on the back of the hand. These veins are made up of the dorsal digital veins, which are the veins that are located on adjacent sides of the second, third, and fourth fingers along the dorsal interossei. The dorsal interossei are muscles located between the metacarpals. The veins drain from the four fingers into the dorsal venous network in the hand. This network also consists of the dorsal digital vein from the radial side of the index finger and the veins of the thumb. Here the network moves upward and becomes the cephalic vein. The vein from the ulnar side of the little finger joins the network on the ulnar side and becomes the basilic vein. The dorsal metacarpal veins are deep veins that run parallel to the arteries and at some angles cross them. Valves are located in the veins that prevent the back flow of blood, ensuring that blood can only flow one way, and that oxygen-rich blood is always flowing through the hand. Medical personnel are able to draw blood from the dorsal metacarpal veins to perform diagnostic laboratory tests. Source
L Superficial Palmar Venous Arch
The superficial palmar venous arch is located in the hand, and assists in draining oxygen-depleted blood from the hand and the common palmar digital veins within the fingers. From there, blood drains through the arch and up the ulnar vein. Once there, the blood flows up the arm until it joins into the brachial vein, which then leads into the axillary vein. Ultimately, the oxygen-depleted blood must return to the lungs. There, new oxygen will enter the blood stream. Next, it flows to the heart via the lungs, where it will be pumped back into the aorta and back into the body. The superficial palmar venous arch is designated as a venae comitantes. That is, it runs a similar course as nearby arteries. This includes the artery known as the superficial palmar arch. Also, the common palmar digital veins are venae comitantes to the common palmar digital arteries of the fingers. The arterial arch and digital arteries convey oxygenated blood to the anatomical regions they serve. Source