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Veins Leg (Left)

L Lat. Accessory Saphenous Vein

The accessory saphenous vein is linked to the greater saphenous vein, which runs parallel to it, and is located in the leg and thigh. The greater saphenous vein is a large superficial (near the skin’s surface) vein that originates where the foot’s dorsal venous arch merges with the big toe’s dorsal vein. It travels up the leg’s medial side (closer to the middle) after passing anteriorly to the medial malleolus, a bony projection on the inside of each ankle. The accessory saphenous vein joins it immediately before it drains into the femoral vein. When the accessory saphenous vein reaches the knee, it travels posteriorly along the inner parts of the knee and thigh and finally across the posterior border of the femur bone’s medial epicondyle, a rounded bony projection at the lower (distal) end of the femur where it connects to the knee. The accessory saphenous vein then travels to the thigh’s front surface before entering the saphenous hiatus, an oval-shaped opening in the fascia lata of the thigh. The fascia lata is a layer of fibrous connective tissue that envelops the thigh muscles. The vein then attaches to the femoral vein in the saphenofemoral junction of the femoral triangle. The femoral triangle is a depression in the upper part of the inner thigh that contains the femoral nerve, artery, and veins as well as lymph nodes and vessels. The greater accessory saphenous vein branches out into smaller veins that are made of elastic fiber. These veins have diminished muscle cells and thin walls. They are often the cause of varicose veins, which develop when they dilate.       Source

 

L Great Saphenous Vein

The great saphenous vein is the major superficial vein of the medial leg and thigh. It is the longest vein in the human body, extending from the top of the foot to the upper thigh and groin. The great saphenous vein plays an important role in returning blood from the superficial tissues of the leg to the heart and is also used in several medical procedures due to its size and superficial location. The great saphenous vein is a superficial vein that runs through the subcutaneous tissue layer deep to the dermis and superficial to the skeletal muscles of the foot and leg. It begins at the dorsal venous arch of the foot, a major superficial vein that drains blood from the toes and back of the foot. From the dorsal venous arch, the great saphenous vein passes anterior to the medial malleolus of the ankle and enters the medial side of the leg.       Source

 

L Deep Femoral Vein

The femoral vein is a vein running alongside the femoral artery. The femoral artery is located in the upper area of the thigh and consists of multiple arteries. The deep femoral vein (also known as the profunda femoris vein) is a vein that forms the femoral vein in the thigh. Damage to either the artery or vein can result in death, as the blood pumps through the vein rapidly. The vein divides into different branches and receives blood from veins located on the back of the thigh. The vein connects with the medial femoral vein and lateral circumflex vein to form an area known as the femoral triangle. The vein stops at the inguinal ligament, where it becomes part of the external iliac vein. The deep femoral vein is common injection site used by recreational drug users. The needle is injected directly into the vein because it quickly circulates the drug throughout the body, resulting in a quick “high.” The femoral vein is considered a deep vein because it is hidden deep inside the body, unlike superficial veins, which are located close to the surface of the skin.       Source

 

L Femoral Vein

The femoral vein is located in the upper thigh and pelvic region of the human body. It travels in close proximity to the femoral artery. This vein is one of the larger vessels in the venous system. Instead of draining deoxygenated blood from specific parts of the body, it receives blood from several significant branches. These include popliteal, the profunda femoris, and the great sapheneous veins. The femoral artery provides an opposite function, as it delivers the oxygenated blood to the leg and pelvic region. Eventually, the femoral vein transports blood to the inferior vena cava. Towards the end of the circulation, deoxygenated blood enters the right side of the heart, where it is pumped to the lungs for oxygenation. Because of its size and importance, problems with the femoral vein could potentially be fatal. This is especially true if the vein develops a blood clot or some other type of blockage.        Source

 

L Anterior Tibial Vein

The anterior tibial veins are deep veins that run parallel to the anterior tibial artery. Blood is carried through superficial veins near the surface of the skin and into perforating veins, which are veins that perforate the deep fascia of muscles. From the perforating veins, blood moves into the anterior tibial veins deep inside the muscles of the leg. These veins join the posterior tibial veins and cross the back portion of the knee. This forms the popliteal vein in the upper leg, which turns into the femoral vein. The anterior tibial veins join the dorsalis pedis vein in the ankle and foot. This network of veins carries blood up the legs and into the fibula and tibia. In the abdomen, the abdominal aorta forms the left and right iliac arteries. These arteries branch out through the pelvis and turn into the femoral arteries. The femoral artery turns into the popliteal artery in the femur and branches out into the posterior and anterior tibial arteries, which supply blood to the tibialis anterior muscles.        Source

 

L Popliteal Vein

Near the popliteal artery the popliteal vein follows and carries blood from the knee (as well as the thigh and calf muscles) back to the heart. The junction of the anterior tibial vein and posterior tibial vein, near the knee, defines where the popliteal originates. The popliteal artery, located behind the knee, is where the popliteal vein begins to extend. The popliteal vein drains the peroneal vein before it reaches the knee joint, where it becomes the femoral vein. This change occurs as the popliteal vein leaves the adductor canal, an open space inside the thigh that is also known as Hunter’s canal. One dangerous complication involving the popliteal vein is aneurysm. This abnormal bulging of the vessel’s walls results in a high risk of pulmonary embolism — a blood clot in the arteries of the lung — and death if left without treatment. Surgery is usually used to treat these aneurysms. Aneurysm in the popliteal vein may or may not cause symptoms, but will be operated on in either case.       Source

 

L Dorsal Digital Veins

The dorsal digital veins of hand run along the fingers’ sides. The veins connect with each other through branches that communicate diagonally. The dorsal metacarpal veins are formed when the veins from neighboring sides of the digits merge. These veins stop in a dorsal venous network across from the center of the metacarpus. The dorsal digital vein from the index finger’s radial side and the thumb’s dorsal digital veins join the radial part of the network. From here it’s prolonged upward as the cephalic vein. The dorsal digital vein of the little finger’s ulnar side is sent to the ulnar part of the network. It continues to rise as the basilic vein. Around the center of the forearm, the dorsal venous network often meets up with the cephalic vein by way of a communicating branch.       Source

 

L Medial Circumflex Femoral Vein

The medial circumflex femoral vein is a blood vessel located in the leg. It is an extension of the major femoral vein and runs up the thigh. Unlike the accompanying femoral artery, the femoral vein and its branches direct blood flow towards the heart. The medial circumflex femoral vein is one of the components of a region in the thigh known as the femoral triangle. The vein is located between the parts of the thigh known as the inguinal ligament, the sartorius muscle, and the abductor longus muscle. It travels within close boundary of the femoral nerve, femoral artery, and the deep inguinal lymph nodes. In conjunction with the femoral triangle, the medial circumflex extension plays an important part in maintaining healthy blood flow in the leg and groin.       Source

 

L Medial Accessory Saphenous Vein

The accessory saphenous vein is linked to the greater saphenous vein, which runs parallel to it, and is located in the leg and thigh. The greater saphenous vein is a large superficial (near the skin’s surface) vein that originates where the foot’s dorsal venous arch merges with the big toe’s dorsal vein. It travels up the leg’s medial side (closer to the middle) after passing anteriorly to the medial malleolus, a bony projection on the inside of each ankle. The accessory saphenous vein joins it immediately before it drains into the femoral vein. When the accessory saphenous vein reaches the knee, it travels posteriorly along the inner parts of the knee and thigh and finally across the posterior border of the femur bone’s medial epicondyle, a rounded bony projection at the lower (distal) end of the femur where it connects to the knee. The accessory saphenous vein then travels to the thigh’s front surface before entering the saphenous hiatus, an oval-shaped opening in the fascia lata of the thigh. The fascia lata is a layer of fibrous connective tissue that envelops the thigh muscles. The vein then attaches to the femoral vein in the saphenofemoral junction of the femoral triangle. The femoral triangle is a depression in the upper part of the inner thigh that contains the femoral nerve, artery, and veins as well as lymph nodes and vessels. The greater accessory saphenous vein branches out into smaller veins that are made of elastic fiber. These veins have diminished muscle cells and thin walls. They are often the cause of varicose veins, which develop when they dilate.        Source 

 

L Lesser Saphenous Vein

The lesser saphenous vein is a venous blood vessel that runs up the length of the leg. It originates from the junction formed between two small veins in the foot, the fifth toe’s dorsal vein and the dorsal venous arch. This vein is smaller in size than the great saphenous vein, which is the dominant superficial blood vessel of the calf and thigh. The dorsal venous arch serves as the bridge between the saphenous veins. The lesser saphenous vein is considered the second major superficial blood vessel in the leg. The vein travels the length of the ankle near the malleolus (the bony protrusion on each side of the ankle) and continues up the back of the calf. It is extended alongside a nerve in the leg called the sural nerve. The lesser saphenous vein then merges with the popliteal vein located near the knee joint. The saphenous vessel lies right below the skin. The lesser saphenous vein may suffer from thrombophlebitis, a condition in which a blood clot prompts a vein to swell. Lesser saphenous thrombophlebitis can cause pain and inflammation of the extremities. The application of warm compresses along with a drug therapy regimen is recommended for treatment.        Source

 

L Posterior Tibial Vein

The posterior tibial veins, located in the lower legs, are considered among the major systemic veins of the human body. They originate from the foot veins behind the medial malleolus, which is part of the group of nerve tissue and muscle that surround the ankle joint. They run up the medial, or inner, sides of the calves to just below the knees. The posterior and anterior tibial veins are classified as deep calf veins that accompany the corresponding tibial arteries of the lower legs. They are bifid veins, meaning that there are two veins for each artery. Near the knee, these veins join the peroneal trunk (a segment of artery just below the knee) to become the popliteal veins. The posterior tibial veins carry blood from the fibular veins, up the legs, and to the popliteal veins. Whereas the tibial arteries supply oxygenated blood to the muscles, skin, and other tissues of the lower leg, the tibial veins carry oxygen-depleted blood away from the foot and lower leg, and back toward the heart.        Source                                              

 

L Dorsal Venous Foot Arch

The dorsal venous arch of the foot is superficially located near the skin surface. For most people, it should be easily visible on their foot’s upper side. If a person were to press their finger against it, they should be able to feel a pulse. The pulse is from the dorsalis pedis artery. The arch assists in draining oxygen-depleted blood from the foot. Also, it receives blood from the dorsal metatarsal veins, which drains the foot’s metatarsal region (the area leading to the toe bones) and drains the dorsal digital veins servicing the toes. From there, the arch drains its oxygen-depleted blood into the small and large saphenous veins. Eventually, the blood flows into many other vessels in the venous system as it travels up the leg and back to the lungs and the heart. The dorsal venous arch of the foot works complimentarily to arteries in the region, like the arcuate artery of the foot, which is also called the metatarsal artery. Unlike veins, these arterial vessels deliver oxygenated blood from the lungs and heart, which allows for proper functioning of the foot’s muscles, tendons, and ligaments.         Source

 

L Lateral Dorsal Digital Vein

The dorsal digital veins in the top side of the foot carry blood up to the small saphenous vein and communicate with the plantar digital veins in the clefts between the toes. The adjacent dorsal digital veins join to form the dorsal metatarsal veins. These metatarsal vessels unite across the far ends of the foot (just above the toes) to form the dorsal venous arch. On the sole of the foot, the superficial veins form a plantar cutaneous venous arch that extends across the root of the toes and opens at the sides of the foot into medial and lateral veins.        Source